ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB KETIDAKEFEKTIFAN PROGRAM PENCEGAHAN BULLYING DI SEKOLAH

Bullying di sekolah masih menjadi permasalahan yang berdampak pada kesehatan fisik, mental, dan sosial peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab ketidakefektifan program pencegahan bullying di sekolah serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas program. Penelitian menggunakan metode Literature Review terhadap 25 artikel yang diperoleh dari Google Scholar, PubMed, Garuda, dan SINTA. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan sintesis naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketidakefektifan program dipengaruhi oleh kurang optimalnya komunikasi dan sosialisasi, keterbatasan sumber daya, rendahnya komitmen pelaksana, lemahnya sistem pelaporan dan evaluasi, serta minimnya keterlibatan guru, orang tua, dan siswa. Program yang dilaksanakan secara konsisten, didukung kolaborasi seluruh warga sekolah, serta disertai monitoring dan evaluasi berkala terbukti lebih efektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan implementasi kebijakan, peningkatan kapasitas guru, serta keterlibatan aktif seluruh pemangku kepentingan untuk menciptakan lingkungan sekolah yang aman dan bebas dari bullying.

Bullying in schools is still a problem that has an impact on the physical, mental, and social health of students. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause the ineffectiveness of bullying prevention programs in schools and provide recommendations to increase the effectiveness of the program. The study used the Literature Review method on 25 articles obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, Garuda, and SINTA. The analysis was carried out using narrative synthesis. The results of the study showed that the ineffectiveness of the program was influenced by the lack of optimal communication and socialization, limited resources, low commitment of implementers, weak reporting and evaluation systems, and lack of involvement of teachers, parents, and students. Programs that are implemented consistently, supported by the collaboration of all school residents, and accompanied by periodic monitoring and evaluation have proven to be more effective. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen policy implementation, increase teacher capacity, and actively involve all stakeholders to create a safe and bullying-free school environment.