Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pemberian IBL (Imunisasi Baduta Lengkap) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pandau Jaya

Imunisasi Baduta Lengkap (IBL) merupakan langkah penting untuk mencegah penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I) pada anak usia di bawah dua tahun. Di Puskesmas Pandau Jaya, cakupan IBL masih rendah, hanya mencapai 29,4%, jauh dari target nasional sebesar 95%. Rendahnya cakupan ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, paritas, pengetahuan, dan sikap ibu. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pemberian IBL di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pandau Jaya. Penelitian menggunakan desain analitik kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 68 responden yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square (α < 0,05). Mayoritas responden adalah ibu berusia berisiko (<20 atau >35 tahun) (51,5%), berpendidikan rendah (69,1%), bekerja (61,8%), dan memiliki paritas tinggi (66,2%). Sebanyak 82,4% memiliki pengetahuan rendah, dan 67,6% menunjukkan sikap negatif terhadap imunisasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara usia (p = 0,000; OR = 77,4), pendidikan (p = 0,000; OR = 13,667), pekerjaan (p = 0,000; OR = 204), paritas (p = 0,000; OR = 209,000), pengetahuan (p = 0,000; OR = 23,000), dan sikap (p = 0,000; OR = 48,733) dengan pemberian IBL. Usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, paritas, pengetahuan, dan sikap ibu berhubungan signifikan dengan pemberian IBL. Peningkatan cakupan imunisasi perlu didukung oleh edukasi berkelanjutan, layanan yang fleksibel, dan dukungan keluarga.

Complete Immunization for Toddlers (IBL) is an important step to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases (PD3I) in children under two years of age. At Pandau Jaya Community Health Center, IBL coverage is still low, reaching only 29.4%, far from the national target of 95%. This low coverage is thought to be influenced by age, education, occupation, parity, knowledge, and attitudes of mothers. The purpose of this research was to determine the factors that influence the provision of IBL in the Pandau Jaya Community Health Center working area. The study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 68 respondents was selected purposively. Data were collected through questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability, then analyzed univariately and bivariately with the Chi-Square test (α < 0.05). The majority of respondents were mothers of at-risk age (<20 or >35 years) (51.5%), had low education (69.1%), were employed (61.8%), and had high parity (66.2%). A total of 82.4% had low knowledge, and 67.6% showed negative attitudes toward immunization. The analysis showed a significant association between age (p = 0.000; OR = 77.4), education (p = 0.000; OR = 13.667), occupation (p = 0.000; OR = 204), parity (p = 0.000; OR = 209.000), knowledge (p = 0.000; OR = 23.000), and attitude (p = 0.000; OR = 48.733) and IBL provision. Age, education, occupation, parity, knowledge, and maternal attitude were significantly associated with IBL provision. Increasing immunization coverage needs to be supported by ongoing education, flexible services, and family support.