FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ANGKA BEBAS JENTIK (ABJ) AEDES AEGYPTI DI KABUPATEN LINGGA TAHUN 2026

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Salah satu indikator keberhasilan pengendalian vektor adalah Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) 2dengan target ≥95%. Namun, capaian ABJ di Kabupaten Lingga masih menghadapi berbagai kendala sehingga diperlukan evaluasi terhadap faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) Aedes aegypti di Kabupaten Lingga Tahun 2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen dengan melibatkan 31 informan yang terdiri dari penanggung jawab program DBD, petugas puskesmas, kader jumantik, dan pihak terkait. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan uji keabsahan menggunakan triangulasi sumber, metode, dan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi capaian ABJ meliputi pengelolaan program PSN DBD yang belum optimal, ketepatan laporan yang masih rendah, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, kurangnya sumber daya manusia, lemahnya manajemen program, serta rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN). Keterbatasan anggaran, wilayah kepulauan yang sulit dijangkau, petugas yang merangkap beberapa program, kurangnya pelatihan kader, serta keterlambatan dan ketidaklengkapan pelaporan menyebabkan monitoring dan evaluasi program belum berjalan secara optimal. Disimpulkan bahwa pencapaian Angka Bebas Jentik di Kabupaten Lingga dipengaruhi oleh faktor manajemen program, kualitas pelaporan, ketersediaan sumber daya, serta keterlibatan masyarakat. Diperlukan penguatan perencanaan, peningkatan kapasitas petugas dan kader, penyediaan sarana pendukung, pengawasan yang berkelanjutan, serta peningkatan edukasi masyarakat agar target ABJ ≥95% dapat tercapai dan risiko penularan DBD dapat ditekan.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. One of the indicators used to measure the success of vector control programs is the Larvae-Free Index (LFI), with a national target of at least 95%. However, achieving this target in Lingga Regency remains challenging due to various influencing factors. This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting the Larvae-Free Index (LFI) of Aedes aegypti in Lingga Regency in 2026. This study employed a qualitative research design with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews involving 31 informants, including the DHF program coordinator, public health center officers, larva monitoring volunteers (Jumantik), and other relevant stakeholders. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The credibility of the findings was ensured using source, method, and data triangulation. The results revealed that the factors affecting the achievement of the Larvae-Free Index included suboptimal implementation of the Mosquito Breeding Site Eradication (PSN) program, inaccurate reporting, limited facilities and infrastructure, inadequate human resources, weak program management, and low community participation in mosquito breeding site control activities. Budget constraints, the geographical challenges of an archipelagic region, multiple responsibilities assigned to health workers, insufficient training for larva monitoring volunteers, and delayed as well as incomplete reporting hindered effective program monitoring and evaluation. In conclusion, the achievement of the Larvae-Free Index in Lingga Regency is influenced by program management, reporting quality, resource availability, and community participation. Strengthening program planning, improving the capacity of health workers and volunteers, providing adequate supporting facilities, enhancing continuous supervision, and increasing community education are essential to achieve the national LFI target of at least 95% and reduce the risk of dengue transmission.