Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) Pada Balita (12-60 Bulan) Di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru

Kejadian ISPA pada balita di Indonesia mencapai 4,8% dan kejadian ISPA pada balita di Riau mencapai 1,4%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) pada balita (12-60 bulan) di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah balita di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik Accidental sampling. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 65 responden. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan selama 2 minggu dimulai dari tanggal 20 Mei s/d 30 Mei 2024. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan grafik Z-Score status gizi dan rekam medik ISPA. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi square, analisi univariat nilai median usia responden 30,0, nilai median jenis kelamin responden 1,00, nilai median berat badan responden 11,0, nilai median tinggi badan responden 85,0. Analisis bivariat didapatkan bahwa status gizi baik sejumlah 39 responden (60,0%). balita dengan kejadian ISPA yaitu sebanyak 35 responden (53,8%). Hasil uji statistik didapatkan p value = 0,066 > 0,05 sehingga H0 gagal ditolak, artinya tidak ada hubungan status gizi dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) pada balita (12-60 bulan) di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru. Rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya agar memanfaatkan teknologi seperti aplikasi mobile dalam metode pengukuran status gizi agar lebih akurat.

The incidence of ISPA in toddlers in Indonesia reached 4.8% and the incidence of ISPA in toddlers in Riau reached 1.4%. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in toddlers (12-60 months) at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center, Pekanbaru City. This research is a quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. The population of this study were toddlers at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center, the sampling technique used was the Accidental sampling technique. The total sample was 65 respondents. The research was carried out for 2 weeks starting from 20 May to 30 May, 2024. The research instrument used Z-Score charts for nutritional status and ARI medical records. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the chi square test, univariate analysis, the median value of the respondent's age was 30.0, the median value of the respondent's gender was 1.00, the median value of the respondent's weight was 11.0, the median value of the respondent's height was 85.0 . Bivariate analysis showed that the nutritional status was good for 39 respondents (60.0%). There were 35 respondents (53.8%) under five with ISPA. The statistical test results showed that p value = 0.066 > 0.05 so that H0 failed to be rejected, meaning that there was no relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in toddlers (12-60 months) at the Payung Sekaki Community Health Center, Pekanbaru City. Recommendations for further research are to utilize technology such as mobile applications in methods for measuring nutritional status to be more accurate.